WASHINGTON 鈥� President Joe Biden said Tuesday the U.S. expects to take delivery of enough coronavirus vaccine for all adults by the end of May 鈥� two months earlier than anticipated 鈥� and he pushed states to get at least one shot into the arms of teachers by the end of March to hasten school reopenings.
Biden also announced that drugmaker Merck will help produce rival Johnson & Johnson鈥檚 newly approved one-shot vaccine, likening the partnership between the two drug companies to the spirit of national
鈥淲e鈥檙e now on track to have enough vaccine supply for every adult in America by the end of May,鈥� Biden said.
Despite the stepped-up pace of vaccine production, the work of inoculating Americans could extend well into the summer, officials said, depending both on the government鈥檚 capacity to deliver doses and Americans鈥� willingness to roll up their sleeves.
Biden鈥檚 announcements quickly raised expectations for when the nation could safely emerge from the pandemic with the promise of speedier vaccinations, but even as he expressed optimism, Biden quickly tempered the outlook for a return to life as it was before the virus hit.
鈥淚鈥檝e been cautioned not to give an answer to that because we don鈥檛 know for sure,鈥� Biden said, before saying his hope for a return to normal was sometime before 鈥渢his time next year.鈥�
As Biden spoke, states across the country were moving to relax virus-related restrictions. This despite the objections of the White House and the nation's top infectious disease expert, Dr. Anthony Fauci, who have warned against any relaxation of virus protocols until more Americans are vaccinated.
In Texas, GOP Gov. Greg Abbott moved to lift his state鈥檚 mask-wearing mandate and a host of other limitations. Michigan鈥檚 Democratic Gov. Gretchen Whitmer eased capacity limits on restaurants and both public and residential gatherings.
Fauci has previously said the nation must achieve a vaccination rate of about 80% to reach 鈥渉erd immunity." Only about 8% of the population has been fully vaccinated, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, though the pace of vaccination has been increasing. The U.S. set a new daily record for injections last Thursday and Friday.
In hopes of increasing vaccinations even further. the Biden administration told governors to make preparations to administer even more doses in the coming weeks. More shots are also headed toward the federally backed program to administer doses in retail pharmacies, which federal officials believe can double or triple their pace of vaccination.
More than 800,000 doses of the J&J vaccine will also be distributed this week to pharmacies, on top of the 2.4 million they are now getting from Pfizer and Moderna.
Those pharmacies will be key in getting the vaccines into the arms of teachers 鈥� particularly in the roughly 20 states where they have not been prioritized for shots. The aim is to help reopen schools to better educate students who have been at risk of falling behind during the pandemic and reduce the burden on parents who have had to choose between childcare and a job.
"Let鈥檚 treat in-person learning as the essential service that it is," Biden said. Teachers will be able to sign up directly through participating retail pharmacies, the administration said.
White House press secretary Jen Psaki also announced Tuesday that the federal government was increasing supply of the Moderna and Pfizer vaccines to states next week to 15.2 million doses per week, up from 14.5 million previously. States will also receive 2.8 million doses of the J&J shot this week.
On a call with governors Tuesday, White House coronavirus
Officials have said J&J faced unexpected production issues with its vaccine and produced only 3.9 million doses before being cleared for emergency use authorization on Saturday. The company has promised to deliver 100 million doses by the end of June.
Before the approval of the J&J shot, Biden had suggested that it would take until the end of July to have enough vaccine for every adult in the U.S.
Facing questions about the company's slipping delivery schedule, J&J
Psaki said that an "across-the-administration effort鈥� was required to get the two historic rivals to work together on the vaccines, even though conversations between J&J and Merck have been going on for months.
鈥淭here鈥檚 a difference between conversations and it moving forward,鈥� she said.
The White House said Merck would devote two plants to the production process. One would make the vaccine and the other would handle inserting the vaccine into vials and ensuring strict quality controls. Psaki said the Biden administration was using its powers under the
Still it was not immediately clear when the effect of Merck鈥檚 assistance would be reflected in supply. Federal officials have cautioned that setting up the highly specialized manufacturing lines to produce vaccines would take months.
Compared to the two-dose versions produced by Moderna and Pfizer, the J&J vaccine is less resource-intensive to distribute and administer, making it critical for U.S. plans to spread vaccinations around the world 鈥� but only once Americans are inoculated. The J&J vaccine can be stored for months at refrigerated temperatures, rather than frozen, and doesn鈥檛 require patients to return for a second dose three or four weeks later.
J&J has set up a global production network that includes brewing bulk vaccine at its Janssen facility in the Netherlands, and with a company in the U.S., Emergent BioSolutions, and another in India, Biological E. Ltd. Other contract manufacturers are lined up to help with later steps, including putting the vaccine into vials, in the U.S., Italy, Spain and South Africa.
In the scramble to create COVID-19 vaccines, the three Western drug makers who鈥檝e dominated the vaccine industry for decades 鈥� Merck & Co., Sanofi and GlaxoSmithKline 鈥� surprisingly all fell short. Merck halted its own plans to develop a coronavirus vaccine earlier this year, finding that their candidates were generating an inferior immune system response compared with other vaccines. It said it would instead focus its work on developing treatments for COVID-19.
Now, amid the global
Merck has since said it was in talks to help other drug companies with vaccine production, but wouldn鈥檛 say Tuesday whether other deals are imminent.
鈥淢erck remains steadfast in our commitment to contribute to the global response to the pandemic and to preparing to address future pandemics,鈥� the Kenilworth, New Jersey-based company said in a statement.
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This story corrects that Biden said he wanted to get vaccine shots to teachers by the end of March, not May.
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Johnson reported from Fairless Hills, Pa. Lemire reported from New York. Lauran Neergaard in Washington and Rachel La Corte in Olympia, Washington, contributed to this report.
Zeke Miller, Linda A. Johnson And Jonathan Lemire, The Associated Press
